【目的】研究针对细毛羊与绒山羊绒毛品质的差异，通过测定羊绒毛的物理性状、分析毛囊密度，为后续研究毛囊生长发育过程中基因的表达量奠定基础，进而探究在羊绒毛生产领域实现新突破的可能性。【方法】选取健康的周岁白绒山羊和周岁敖汉细毛羊，选取二者体侧肩胛处的羊绒毛，针对羊绒毛性状及毛囊性状进行测定，比较皮肤初级毛囊密度、次级毛囊密度、S∶P值。【结果】结果显示，绒山羊兴盛期次级毛囊密度明显高于细毛羊兴盛期次级毛囊密度；绒山羊和细毛羊的绒毛细度差异极显著，绒山羊的绒毛直径极显著低于细毛羊的绒毛直径；绒山羊的绒毛长度显著短于细毛羊的绒毛长度。【结论】毛囊密度与绒毛细度呈现出负相关关系，提示或许可以通过育种之外的其他技术手段增加细毛羊的毛囊密度，降低细毛羊的绒毛细度，从而进一步提升细毛羊绒毛产品的使用价值。

【Objective】The study focuses on the differences in quality between fine wool sheep and cashmere goat wool. By measuring the physical properties of wool and analyzing hair follicle density, it lays the foundation for further research on gene expression levels during hair follicle growth and development, and explores the possibility of achieving new breakthroughs in the field of wool production.【Methods】Select healthy one year old white cashmere goats and one year old Aohan fine wool goats, and measure the wool and hair follicle characteristics of their scapula. Compare the primary hair follicle density, secondary hair follicle density, and S∶P value of the skin.【Results】The results showed that the secondary hair follicle density during the prosperous period of cashmere goats was significantly higher than that during the prosperous period of fine wool goats; The difference in wool fineness between cashmere goats and fine wool goats is extremely significant, with cashmere wool diameter significantly lower than fine wool wool diameter; The fur length of cashmere goats is significantly shorter than that of fine wool goats. 【Conclusion】There is a negative correlation between hair follicle density and wool fineness, suggesting that it may be possible to increase the hair follicle density of fine wool sheep through means other than breeding, reduce the wool fineness of fine wool sheep, and further enhance the value of fine wool sheep products.