近年来,随着乌鲁木齐县动物饲养及调运量不断增多,出现外来疫病传入风险增大,新发病种增多,常发病种频发等状况。同时,山区野生动物携带病原向家畜传播,动物疫病防控呈现出腹背受敌的局面。动物疾病诊断作为动物疫病防控的首要措施,其能力强弱直接决定动物疫病防控的效果。乌鲁木齐县动物疾病的诊断由临床诊断和实验室诊断构成。临床诊断由县、乡两级畜牧兽医及村级防疫员承担,存在知识结构陈旧、临床诊断经验不足、诊断准确性差等问题;实验室诊断方法少,病原学检测能力缺乏,亦存在诊断技术支撑不足的问题,不能满足当前动物诊断及防控的需要。针对乌鲁木齐县动物疾病诊断现状及短板,结合目前动物疾病诊断新技术的发展趋势,提出为基层临床诊断增加免疫胶体金检测技术,兽医实验室储备核酸检测技术等对策。以上对策可解决动物疾病诊断方法少,技术支撑不足;诊断人员知识陈旧、经验不足等问题。同时,可大幅提升动物疾病诊断的客观性及准确性。本文为乌鲁木齐县动物疾病诊断能力的整体提升提供思路及参考。

In recent years, with the increase of animal raising and transportation in Urumqi County, the risk of introduction of exotic diseases, the number of new diseases and the frequency of frequent diseases have increased. At the same time, pathogens carried by wild animals in mountainous areas are transmitted to livestock, therefore animal disease prevention and control services are facing a situation of being attacked from both sides. As the primary measure of animal disease prevention and control, the ability of animal disease diagnosis determines directly the effectiveness.The diagnosis of animal diseases in Urumqi County consists of clinical and laboratory diagnosis. Clinical diagnosis is undertaken by village animal disease preventers as well as the veterinarians at county and township level, which has some problems such as outdated knowledge structure, lack of clinical diagnosis experiences and poor diagnostic accuracy; for laboratory diagnosis, there are few laboratory diagnostic methods, lack of pathogen detection ability as well as diagnostic technical supports, which can't meet the needs of current animal diagnosis and control. According to the status and shortcomings of animal disease diagnosis in Urumqi County, combined with the development trend of new animal disease diagnosis technologies, some countermeasures were put forward in this paper,such as developing the immune colloidal gold technology in grassroots clinical diagnosis and reserving nucleus detection technology in veterinary laboratories. The above measures would solve problems of lack of animal disease diagnosis methods,insufficient technical supports, outdated knowledge and inadequate experiences of diagnostics staff. At the same time, objectivity and accuracy of animal disease diagnosis would be greatly improved. In conclusion, ideas and references for the overall improvement of animal disease diagnosis ability in Urumqi County were provided.