新疆天然草原面积辽阔,约占全国草原总面积的六分之一,对新疆有着非常重要的生态、经济和社会地位。近年来由于气候变化、自然灾害、超载放牧等人为因素,造成新疆草原退化严重,草原产草量下降,鼠虫病害日益加剧,毒害草比例增加,这些都严重威胁着生态文明建设,抑制着畜牧业的发展,草原生态系统失去平衡,沙漠绿洲失去天然生态保护屏障,此状况必须引起高度重视。目前,退化草原生态修复是保护草原生态环境的有效措施。本文通过分析全国及新疆草原现状,综合草原的生态功能和生产功能,提出新疆草原资源利用方面存在的问题,分析新疆实施退化草原生态修复治理主要措施及存在的问题,为改善生态环境,加强生态文明建设提供理论依据。

Xinjiang has a vast natural grassland area, accounting for about one sixth of the total grassland area in China, which plays a very important ecological, economic and social role. In recent years, climate change,natural disasters, overgrazing and other factors have caused a series of adverse outcomes, such as serious degradation of grassland in Xinjiang, the decrease of grassland yield, aggravation of rat and insect diseases,and the increase of the proportion of poisonous grass, all of which severely threaten the construction of ecological civilization, inhibit the development of animal husbandry, and lead to the imbalance of grassland ecosystem, as well as the loss of natural ecological protection barrier in desert oasis. Therefore, high attention should be paid to. At present, ecological restoration of degraded grassland is an effective measure to protect grassland ecological environment. In this paper, based on the analysis of the current situation of grassland in China and Xinjiang, in combination with the ecological function and production function of grassland, the problems existing in the utilization of grassland resources in Xinjiang were put forward, and the main measures and problems in the implementation of ecological restoration and management of degraded grassland were analyzed, so as to provide theoretical basis for improving the ecological environment and strengthening the construction of ecological civilization.