草 食 家 畜

【目的】利用基因检测技术检测哈萨克羊杂交后代多胎主效基因FecB，进行基因分型，为多胎种羊选种留种提供依据。【方法】随机选取59只哈萨克羊杂交个体，采集血样提取DNA，利用限制性片段长度多态性聚合酶链反应（PCR-RFLP）技术检测FecB基因的多态性。【结果】基因分型统计显示，实验群体5%的母羊含FecB基因纯合子，47.5%为FecB基因杂合子，基因型频率分别为0.05,0.475,0.475。【结论】实验表明通过杂交导入小尾寒羊多胎基因，哈萨克羊杂交群体的多胎主效基因比例显著提高，有效提升了原有群体的繁殖率，同时利用基因检测技术，选择含有多胎基因的个体留种，对育种群体种羊进行精准选择，可为地方多胎品种（系）的培育提供技术支撑。

【Objective】The aim was to improve the reproductive efficiency of Kazakh sheep by using genetic detection technology,detecting and genotyping the main effect gene FecB for multiple fetals in hybrid offspring,and providing a basis for selection and retention of multiple-born sheep.【Methods】59 individuals were randomly selected,blood samples were collected to extract DNA,and polymorphisms of the FecB genes were detected by restriction fragment length polymorphism polymerase chain reaction(PCRRFLP). 【Results】Genotyping statistics showed that 5% of the ewes in the experimental population contained FecB gene homozygotes,47.5% were FecB gene heterozygotes,and the genotype frequencies were 0.05,0.475 and 0.475,respectively.【Conclusion】The experiment showed that the introduction of small-tailed cold sheep significantly increased the proportion of multiple major genes in the Kazakh sheep hybrid population,which can effectively improve the reproductive rate of the original population,and at the same time,the use of genetic detection technology to select individuals containing multiple genes to maintain the breed,and the accurate selection of breeding groups,can provide technical support for the breeding of local breeds of multiple breeds(lines).